Variations of Surface and Subsurface Water Storage in the Lower Mekong Basin (Vietnam and Cambodia) from Multisatellite Observations

Affiliations

1) Space and Aeronautics Department, University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
2) LERMA, UMP 8112, l’Observatoire de Paris, 61 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
3) Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, CEREGE, Europôle de l’Arbois, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, France
4) LEGOS, Université de Toulouse, IRD, CNES, CNRS, UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France
5) IFCWS, Indo-French Cell for Water Sciences, IRD-IISc Joint International Laboratory, Indian Instutute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India

Abstract

In this study, we estimate monthly variations of surface-water storage (SWS) and subsurface water storage (SSWS, including groundwater and soil moisture) within the Lower Mekong Basin located in Vietnam and Cambodia during the 2003–2009 period. The approach is based on the combination of multisatellite observations using surface-water extent from MODIS atmospherically corrected land-surface imagery, and water-level variations from 45 virtual stations (VS) derived from ENVISAT altimetry measurements. Surface-water extent ranges from ∼6500 to ∼40,000 km2 during low and high water stages, respectively. Across the study area, seasonal variations of water stages range from 8 m in the upstream parts to 1 m in the downstream regions. Annual variation of SWS is ∼40 km3 for the 2003–2009 period that contributes to 40–45% of total water-storage (TWS) variations derived from Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) data. By removing the variations of SWS from GRACE-derived TWS, we can isolate the monthly variations of SSWS, and estimate its mean annual variations of ∼50 km3 (55–60% of the TWS). This study highlights the ability to combine multisatellite observations to monitor land-water storage and the variations of its different components at regional scale. The results of this study represent important information to improve the overall quality of regional hydrological models and to assess the impacts of human activities on the hydrological cycles.

Cite: Pham-Duc, B., Papa, F., Prigent, C., Aires, F., Biancamaria, S., Frappart, F., 2019. Variations of Surface and Subsurface Water Storage in the Lower Mekong Basin (Vietnam and Cambodia) from Multisatellite Observations. Water 11.