1) Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
2) Center for Remote Sensing, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
3) Ministry of Agrarian Afairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia.
4) Power Engineering Research Group, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
5) Department of Geography and the Environment, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
6) National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, West Java 40135, Indonesia.
7) Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Natural Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea.
8) Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060‑0810, Japan.
9) Faculty of Economics, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand.
10) Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
Amid its massive increase in energy demand, Southeast Asia has pledged to increase its use of renewable energy by up to 23% by 2025. Geospatial technology approaches that integrate statistical data, spatial models, earth observation satellite data, and climate modeling can be used to conduct strategic analyses for understanding the potential and efciency of renewable energy development. This study aims to create the frst spatial model of its kind in Southeast Asia to develop multirenewable energy from solar, wind, and hydropower, further broken down into residential and agricultural areas. The novelty of this study is the development of a new priority model for renewable energy development resulting from the integration of area suitability analysis and the estimation of the amount of potential energy. Areas with high potential power estimations for the combination of the three types of energy are mostly located in northern Southeast Asia. Areas close to the equator, have a lower potential than the northern countries, except for southern regions. Solar photovoltaic (PV) plant construction is the most area-intensive type of energy generation among the considered energy sources, requiring 143,901,600 ha (61.71%), followed by wind (39,618,300 ha; 16.98%); a combination of solar PV and wind (37,302,500 ha; 16%); hydro (7,665,200 ha; 3.28%); a combination of hydro and solar PV (3,792,500 ha; 1.62%); and a combination of hydro and wind (582,700 ha;
0.25%). This study is timely and important because it will inform policies and regional strategies for transitioning to renewable energy, with consideration of the diferent characteristics present in Southeast Asia.
