Mapping the Current State of Electrical Safety Regulations in ASEAN: Preliminary Assessment of Electrical Safety Standards and Practices for Solar Photovoltaics (PV) and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)

Highlights

• As ASEAN countries increasingly adopt Solar PV and BESS technologies, implementing robust electrical safety standards is crucial, as it will protect infrastructure, safeguard users, and support the sustainable growth of renewable energy sectors across the region.
• Solar PV systems and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) present specific safety hazards, including electrical fires, thermal runaway, and potential electrical shocks. Key safety features for Solar PV include stringent installation standards to prevent overloading and DC arc faults from improper inverter connection, while BESS safety focuses on thermal management and fire prevention through robust casing and monitoring systems.
• ASEAN countries exhibit varied levels of adoption and enforcement of electrical safety standards for Solar PV and BESS. Several countries have adopted national standards for Solar PV based on the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards, while safety standards for BESS are even more fragmented, with some nations lacking clear guidelines. Regional cooperation in developing and enforcing comprehensive electrical safety standards is limited.
• Only a few ASEAN countries have undergone thorough safety assessments for renewable energy technologies. Enhanced regional coordination is essential for establishing uniform standards and improving safety outcomes.
• ASEAN countries should strengthen and harmonise national safety standards for Solar PV and BESS by adopting international frameworks such as IEC 61730, IEC 61215, IEC 62619, IEC 63056 and IEC 62933-5-2. To enhance safety and reliability, capacity-building programmes for stakeholders should be implemented, and a regional working group should be established to coordinate the development and enforcement of uniform safety protocols across the region.